Dust-collector



2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

. W. E. ALLINGTON.

DUST COLLECTOR.

Patented Nov. 3, 1896.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets--Sheet 2 W. E. ALLINGTON. DUST COLLECTOR,

No. 570,443. Patented Nov. 3, 1896.

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III II NlTED STATES XVILLIAM E. ALLINGTON, OF EAST SAGINAVV, MICHIGAN.

. 'DUST-COLLECTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 570,443, dated November3, 1896.

Application filed September '7, 1894. Serial No. 522,346. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM E. ALLINe- TON, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at East Saginaw, Saginaw county, in the State ofMichigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inDust-Collectors, of which the following is a full, clear, and exactspecification.

This invention relates to that class of dustcollectors in which acurrent of dust-laden air under blast is delivered into aseparatingchamber tangentially to the axis thereof, so as to inducewhirling or vortical movement of the air and the suspended solidparticles carried thereby, and in which the separation is efiected bythe massing of the solid particles on the walls of the chamber by whichthey are directed toward an outlet, the purified air being permitted toescape through an opening in another part of the machine.

It has been found that in the operation of this class of machines thewhirling body of air moves with greatest force or velocity at theperiphery of the chamber and seeks to escape from the chamber at or nearthe periphery. It is not practical, however, to pro vide anescape-opening at the periphery of the machine, either in its side wallor end, because by so doing some of the dust or other impurities carriedon the current will escape with the air, and so the common practice isto provide the escape-opening in the head of the machine and about theaxial center there of. With such a construct-ion there must be at alltimes a sufficient volume of air delivered into the machine and under'asufficient force to compel the air as it parts with its dust orsuspendedsolids to move against the action of centrifugal force towardthe axis of the machine to seek the air-outlet. Recognizing theseadmitted facts, I have provided a construction wherein the escape of theair from the machine after purification from its suspended impurities ispermitted without the necessity of such pressure in the machine as wouldreact upon the blast-producing fan and which at the same time will notpermit the escape of dust with the air.

Therefore my invention consists in a dustcollector having a separatingchamber into which the dust-laden air is delivered and which is providedat its end opposite the airinlet with an outlet for the separated dustand in its head or end opposite the dust-ontlet with an escape-openingfor the purified air, which opening is arranged intermediate the axis ofthe chamber and its peripheral wall.

My invention consists, further, in certain details of construction,which will be hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in theclaims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 and 2 show, respectively, inbroken sectional elevation and in plan, a dust-collector in which theinlet is arranged in the head of the machine, and Figs. 3 and 4, similarviews of a dust-collector also embodying my invention, but having theair-inlet in the side wall of the machine.

In the drawings 1 have shown a dust-collector comprising aseparating-chamber having its inclosing wall made in two sections, oneof which, marked A, is cylindrical and theother, B, conical orhopper-shaped. The upper end of the cylindrical portion has fittedthereto a head 0, and in the construction shown in Figs. 1 and 2 aninlet-spout D enters through said head, said spout having an elbow andbeing extended inside of the chamber and inclined downwardly therein. InFigs. 3 and 4 the inlet-spout enters through the side of the cylindricalportion of the easing or inclosing wall. 1n both constructions Ipreferably employ a spiral flange E, which may be continuous with orjoined to the upper portion of the end of the inlet-spout and continuedabout the cylindrical portion of the chamber approximately a completeturn.

lhe conical portion of the collector is provided with an outlet at itstip for the separated dust. The air-outlet is marked F, and it is formedin the head 0 between the axis of the machine and its peripheral wall,its precise location varying to some extent with the volume of. air tobe delivered to the machine and the pressure under which it isdelivered, and also with the character of dust which is being operatedupon. I locate it preferably as near the peripheral wall as possible, soas to takeadvantage of the tendency of the air to escape at this point,and as the dust is usually massed in a thin layer upon the peripheralwall the outlet may be formed at a short distance only from said wall.The dust-laden air-current is delivered into the machine in a directionto strike the peripheral wall thereof, and the outlet is placed in thehead on the opposite side of the axis from that of the mouth of thedeliveryinlet. This is important in order to prevent the dust particlesfrom finding a too-ready exit from the machine. The outlet, as shown,extends through a segment of about one hundred and eighty degrees, butmay be longer or shorter, providing that it does not extend through aline drawn from the inlet to the axis of the machine.

It may be found expedient in some cases to employ a depending flange G,skirting the outer edge of the opening F and extending down along theinlet-spout, as shown at g. This flange will tend to prevent the dustfrom escaping with the air through the air-outlet.

The dust-collector of my invention is particularly adapted for use incircumstances where the saving of power is of greater consequence thanthe separation of the highest percentage of the fine dust from thedustladen air-current. In many cases this saving of power is of vastlymore importance than the complete separation of the dust from the air,and the machine is particularly adapted also for use in the separationof coarse solid particles from the carrying-current.

I have found in practice that the smallest power is required foroperating a dust-collector in a construction wherein the purifiedairoutlet is arranged between the axis of rotation and the path of thewhirling body of air, which path is bounded by the peripheral wall ofthe machine. In practical operation the dust-laden air-current usuallytravels several times around the machine to effect the separation of thedust. During this retary movement it is constantly being acted upon bycentrifugal force, which gives the air and the suspended impurities atendency to escape at the periphery of the machine. It being impracticalto locate the purified-air outlet in the peripheral wall for the reasonthat the dust would escape therewith, it becomes important to so locatethe purified-air outlet that the air may escape in the freest possiblemanner, while at the same time the escape of the dust is prevented. Ihave discovered that by locating the purified-air outlet concentric tothe axis of rotation and intermediate the path of the whirlingair-current and said axis the air-current will escape freely and withpractically the same velocity as upon entering the machine. This is nottrue Where the air-exit is located centrally of the head of the machine,because the angular velocity of the current is constantly reduced by thecounteraction of centrifugal force and the condensing or compression ofthe air particles due to the constant delivery into the machine of avolume of air under pressure.

It will be understood that it is necessary to maintain at all timeswithin the separatingchamber a slight pressure in order to secure therotary motion of the entering air-current, and the location andarrangement of the airexit have always been controlled by aconsideration of this necessity alone, no one heretofore having takeninto account the consumption of power, commonly called back pressure,upon the fan due to the forcing of the air-current from the peripherytoward the axis of the machine, where the purified air was permitted toescape. Heretofore, also, to avoid back pressure the size of thepurifiedair outlet has been increased. Of course this is effective, butthe result has been to permit the escape of the dust with the airthrough such outlet. Therefore so long as the central position of theair-outlet is retained a saving of power is effected only by impairingthe operation of the machine to such an extent that it becomes worthlessas a dustcollector.

WVhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A dust-collector comprising a separating-chamber formed by a casinghaving a head applied to one end thereof, said head being closed orimperforate at its central portion and provided with an air-outletbetween the axis of the machine and its peripheral wall, an air-inletentering the separatingchamber tangentially at a point on the oppositeside of the axis from the air-outlet and a ,dustdischarge opening at theend of the easing opposite the air-outlet, substantially as described.

2. A dust-collector comprising a separating-chamber formed by a casinghaving a head applied to one end thereof, said head being closed orimperforate at its central portion and provided with an air-outletbetween the axis of the machine and its peripheral Wall, an air-inletentering the separatingchamber tangentially at a point on the 0ppositeside of the axis from the air-outlet, a dustdischarge opening at the endof the casing opposite the air-outlet and a flange depending from saidhead between the peripheral Wall and the air-outlet, substantially asdescribed.

WILLIAM E. ALLINGTON. \Vitnesses:

FREDERICK O. GoonwIN, S. T. MANN.

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